Sechrist Industries Inc.
Millennium
Millennium is a resuscitator for the newborn baby and the infant of "the continuous flow + exhalation-valve relieving method" which made PTV possible by incorporating the sensor mechanism which was named SmartSync based on IV-100B.
It is into the characteristic that it incorporated a new feature while continuing the high reliability which depends on the fluid-control-device of IV-100B.
2. The
performance
1) The mode that it is possible to use
A/C
SIMV
CPAP + Backup Ventilation
---------------------------------
+PEEP
@
2) This proximal dater
The maximum intake gas flow rate
The active-ventilation
32 LPM
CPAP. 32 LPM
The number of the maximum
active-ventilations 150
BPM
The maximum expired volume per
minute 10 It is a degree as
LPM.
The battery operation Equal
to or more than 90 minutes
3. The explanation of the control circuit,
the controlling mechanism
As for the ventilation, the work of MPU drives one piece of Solenoid-controlled valve only but indeed, in Millennium, IV-100B increased to several pieces.
However, the form that Solenoid-controlled valve controls the new Mattick circuit which is excellent about the fast response is well.
At the new Mattick circuit, in the flow of entry gas, it is using the fluid-control-device which changes the flow of drive gas and it is controlling the inspiratory-phase and expiratory-phase change and inspiratory-pressure and PEEP pressure by this.
Because the part which influences reliability about the essential work of the resuscitator in this way is only Solenoid-controlled valve, the reliability is remarkable and is high.
It is the machine which doesn't break about this point.
Air and oxygen are supplied to the mixer and are adjusted to the setting oxygen concentration.
A fresh gas flow rate is fixed by the current-adjustment control and is displayed with the flow meter.
This becomes intake gas and a continuous flow.
Fluothane Sir who was named SmartSync can provide for the Y peace and it is used for the monitor of the trigger signal detection and the circuit internal pressure by him.
An inspiratory-pressure and an expiratory-pressure(=PEEP pressure) are controlled by the opening and shutting of an exhalation-valve.
That is, it is a pressure relieving type mechanism.
The microprocessor is controlling these in taking charge of the intake time and the expiration time, the timing-control, the alarm control of SIMV and so on and controlling a new Mattick circuit through Solenoid-controlled valve.
The setting entry becomes a direct digital display because the intake time Ti which is displayed in the display, air changes per hour f, the airway pressure upper limit alarm, "NADOHA" are digital and it is possible to be decided by them.
On the other hand, because it does PEEP pressure and inspiratory-pressure Ppeak with the digital display to the value which was measured by the pressure sensor, to become a value with the desired value that a digital display was done, it turns and it sets these organization fixed controls.
When setting to an inspiratory-pressure and the PEEP pressure because they have a time lag by the time they are measured, it takes scrupulous notice, and it turns slowly and it must be controlled.
It gets a trigger signal by the special pressure trigger mechanism with maximum sensitivity 0.1cmH2O, SmartSync.
SmartSync is disposal handling with the building to have incorporated an one way valve into the 2 directions to the direction of intake and the direction of the expiration.
Because are made of the film style structure which is made from thin silicon , one way valve (Expiratory Flow Check valve) to the direction of the expiration can open by a little resistance.
Because a sheet is fixed by the spring, one way valve (Inspiratory Flow Check valve) to the direction of intake doesn't open when comparatively big pressure isn't taken.
When the patient isn't doing intake and expiration, because the continuous flow is flowing through the patient circuit, the one way valve to the direction of the expiration is closed for the pressure inclination.
An one way valve to the direction of intake is closed by the spring.
In other words, because the two-way one way valve, too, is closed, in SmartSync, it becomes closed space.
This capacity is 1.5 ml.
When the patient begins intake, because the pressure in the enclosed space declines sensitively, it can win the change of big ąP(ąP=Proximal Pressure-Reference Presssure) in a few intake efforts.
By the trigger signal, in the machine, when the pressure of the becoming patient circuit becomes high to the inspiratory-phase, the one way valve to the direction of intake opens.
By the (
figure ; SmartSync intake condition : intake beginning, sometimes, the one way valve to the direction of intake is open (The one way valve to the direction of the expiration is closed).
A resuscitator is burdened with breathing work volume which occurs with the resistance of the one way valve to the direction of intake.
The patient can emit expiration gas easily because the one way valve to the direction of the expiration is light power and opens when ending in the mechanical inspiratory-phase time cycle.
The one of the (
figure ; SmartSync expiration condition : spring
) of the one way valve to the direction of intake closes with the power but the one way valve to the direction of the expiration opens easily with expiration gas because it is a light silicon film.
A patient is burdened with the work volume which opens an one way valve to the direction of the expiration but this doesn't become a problem simply because it is small.
4) The gas flow rate measurement
There is not gas flow rate. measuring machine \.
5) The intake valve
It doesn't exist.
It is a diaphragm valve. In the block for the newborn baby, a jet style for the
expiration gas suction is prepared.
The new Mattick module of Millennium is the same as IV-100B basically.
It incorporated Solenoid-controlled valve for the zero point proofreading of SmartSync, and the pressure sensor, the pressure sensor into IV-100B and it is Millennnium that it did to the more advanced CPU control.
The fluid-control-device has the standing characteristic of the new Mattick module.
Back Pressure Sensing Gate and OR Gate operate as the change valve by this with the fluid-control-device.
Because the control style of Back Pressure Sensing Gate is relieved by Solenoid-controlled valve in the expiratory-phase, the drive gas of 20 psi flows straight to the side of 02.
This gas stream becomes the purge style of the expiration gas suction jet and the airway pressure meter.
Because a control style isn't inputted to OR Gate, too, drive gas flows on the side of 02 and this flows through the PEEP pressure adjustment mechanism.
This gas stream closes an exhalation-valve at the PEEP pressure.
Wave Form Adjust controls the start-up of the inspiratory-pressure and falling time by the corrugated control mechanism.
It changes into É when closing a valve.
It becomes a square wave when open.
Because Solenoid-controlled valve blocks off the control style of Back Pressure Sensing Gate in the inspiratory-phase, the control style flows in from the left side and it forces away the main stream of Back Pressure Sensing Gate to the side of 01.
It inputs this gas stream to OR Gate and it forces away the main stream of OR Gate to the side of 01.
ü is necessary for the inspiratory-pressure adjustment mechanism and this gas stream closes an exhalation-valve by the inspiratory-pressure.
5. The control
software
The explanation of the each function
1) The trigger formula
It is the pressure trigger formula which used a special mechanism, SmartSync.
2) The exhalation-valve block (The exhalation-valve block diagram)
There are (a jet for the expiration gas suction is had) of the newborn baby p, (there are few jet pears, exhalation breathing resistances) of the infant p, a thing (made of the material that the anesthetic-gas can be endured) for the anesthesia.
3)SIMV
The trigger window of SIMV is 4 seconds of the first half in the fixed time method.
4)A/C
A/C is usual method. There is not setting of
a refractory period.
5)PSV
PSV isn't made.
Because it is an oxygen concentration, continuous flow quantity, an inspiratory-pressure, expiratory-pressure (PEEP), analog "HA" setting (the new Mattick setting), it sets while seeing a display.
Because right value isn't displayed when the inspiratory-pressure and the PEEP pressure don't become the end of the end-of-suction and an expiration end, it sets while turning slowly and confirming the value of the display.
It adjusts Wave Form if necessary.
The mode and the intake time, the air changes per hour, the airway pressure upper limit, the alarm delay time
of the button with the item to hope for because it is digital setting
It presses and it makes a setting possible condition, and it turns a dial and it enters desired value, and again, it pushes and it fixes the item button which was pushed a short while ago.
It always controls the pressure pressure relief valve of the mechanicaeration cable type beforehand beforehand in case of test ventilation.
Exclude the possibility to be carelessly changed beforehand.
As for the trigger sensitivity, it sets sensitivity high in the range where there is not an auto cycle.
The sensitivity is as high as to turn to the right and that the bargraph increases.
Because the amount of leak, too, changes, appropriately, it commands to the best condition in case of changing a body position and patient condition's changing.
7. The monitor, the alarm
function
1) The caution sounds when the airway pressure deviates from the low pressure, the high-pressure limit. But, the low
pressure doesn't operate when the delay time (3-60s. it is possible to be and to set) doesn't lapse by it.
2) The gas pressure of the power, the battery voltage, the plumbing, too, is watched over.
8. The display feature
It reads a digital manometer, a boiling coming airway pressure. A digital display is done about the setting
breathing rate, the I:E ratio, the set-pressure, the PEEP pressure.
There are of the newborn baby p and a thing for the infant in breathing circuit and the exhalation-valve block.
It connects breathing circuit and the exhalation-valve block to have supported ł which becomes an object.
Refer to the connection diagram.
10. The daily maintenance
Breathing circuit and an exhalation-valve block are sterilized in the timeliness, the wash.
11. The regular
inspection
1) in June
It exchanges simple maintenance, a various filter and an O-ring every 6 months.
The technical expert who has an experience does this work.
Always, it uses a genuine part.
2) in
2
It overhauls every 2 years.
It exchanges various consumables mainly in the service of the mixer and the decompression-valve and it does an overall check, an adjustment and a continuous motion inspection.
The authorization technical expert implements this work.
Always, it uses a genuine part.
12. The fault
1) Because there is not a graphic display, there is not a means to know the ventilatory-pattern of the patient and it can not be set, being best.
2) There is as much gas consumption as setting flow rate + 14LPM and it is uneconomic.
3) The one with simplicity and moreover high reliability can be evaluated.
It is difficult for the mistake to happen simply about the operation, too.
On other hand, a mode of the advanced ventilation such as PSV and the volume limitation isn't made.
4) There is danger which has been operated by mistake in variable type pressure relief valve's having been able to be easily adjusted.
May there not be some lock mechanism?
5) Because Inspiratory Flow Check valve becomes a disengagedness continuously under the PEEP existence when the leaks by the tracheal tube are many in SmartSync, the sensitivity declines extremely.
As for SmartSync, the malfunction is few excellent devices even if there is a leak if there is not PEEP but it thinks that PSV, too, becomes possible and that it is good if making the flow trigger mechanism of the hot wire type have a leak revision feature simply.
6) The monitor of the air quantity of ventilation isn't made.